The focus of peacebuilding actors on high-level processes across the continent is often blamed for the recurrence of violent conflict. In the Democratic Republic of the Congo, often described as the epicentre of conflict in the Great Lakes, peacebuilding since the early 1990s, involving several international interventions, has failed to achieve lasting peace, leading to at least 10 major peace agreements and six periods of short-lived peace.

Date of publication: 2025